PBase

Kumiái (Jamul Tiipay dialect)

Rule

/r/ → trill before stressed X, → tap __#, variable elsewhere (schwa does not bear stress)

WF

r

nlingual (V)

ndorsal (V)

nanterior (V)

ndistributed (V)

-coronal (V)

-front

-distributed (any)

-lingual (V)

-V-place

-distributed (V)

nanterior (V)

ndistributed (V)

nlabial (V)

ncoronal (V)

npharyngeal (V)

-nonlow_front_V

-tense_V

-ATR

-stop

-voiceless_stop

-distributed (any)

+anterior (C)

-obs_stop

-distributed (C)

olabial (C)

+continuant

xlingual (C)

xlingual (any)

+anterior (any)

xcoronal (any)

+coronal (C)

-labial (any)

+anterior (any)

-labial (C)

+continuant

-lateral

-distributed

+lingual (C)

+coronal (C)

+continuant

+lingual (any)

+coronal

+coronal (any)

ndelayed_primary_release

+alveolar

-labial

-labial (any)

-lateral

-distributed

-distributed (any)

+continuant

+anterior (C)

+coronal

-distributed (C)

-labial (C)

+continuant

-grave (vs. acute)

+lingual (C)

+lingual (any)

+anterior (any)

+coronal (any)

xcoronal (C)

olabial (any)

-bilabial

+voiced_C

-unrounded

+voice

-voiceless

+voiced (vs. unvoiced)

+voiced

+voice

-spread

+voice

-pharyngeal (any)

-pharyngeal (C)

opharyngeal (any)

-strident (vs. mellow)

opharyngeal (C)

-pharyngeal (any)

+plain

.tense

.tense (vs. lax)

-nonhigh_V

+diffuse

-glottal

ovocalic

+C-place

-glottal

-low

-compact

+consonantal

+anterior

xC-place

+anterior

oV-place

-low

+consonantal

-dorsal (C)

ovocalic

+consonantal (vs. non-consonantal)

xC-place

+sonorant

odorsal (any)

-dorsal (any)

-dorsal (V)

-dorsal (any)

-ATR_high_V

-high

-high_V

-LONG

-lax_V

-back_V

-central

-back

-low

-long

+heightened_subglottal_pressure

-k

nATR

nV-place

odorsal (C)

-vocoid

.open6

.open5

.open4

.open1

.open3

.open2

-vocalic

-vocoid

.open6

-approximant

.open5

.open4

.open1

.open3

.open2

opharyngeal (V)

nATR

olingual (V)

-vocoid

.open6

.open5

.open4

.open1

.open3

.open2

+liquid

-nasal_stop

-nasal

+approximant

-nasal

+vocalic

-nasal

+vocalic

-nasal

-nasal (vs. oral)

+approximant

+vocalic (vs. non-vocalic)

+trill

-labiovelar

-labial (V)

-velar

-dorsal (C)

-fricative

+interrupted (vs. continuant)

-rounded

-round_V

-back

-round

-flat (vs. plain)

-short_V

-strident

-labialized

-V

-approximant

olabial (V)

ocoronal (V)

odorsal (V)

-vocalic_glide

+consonant

-vowel

ncovered

-syllabic

nATR

-syllabic

-SYLLABIC

-pharyngeal (V)

-dental

-distributed (C)

-lateral

-lateral-approximant

-lateral

-glottal_(tertiary)_closure

nmovement_of_glottal_closure

-constr

-constricted

-postalveolar

-affricate

-palatal

-mid

-lateral,+vocalic

+interrupted (vs. continuant),+vocalic (vs. non-vocalic)

-lateral,ovocalic,+approximant

+continuant,ovocalic,+approximant

+continuant,+sonorant,ovocalic

-distributed (any),-lateral,+approximant

-distributed (any),+continuant,+approximant

-distributed (any),+continuant,+voice

-distributed (any),+continuant,+sonorant

-lateral,xlingual (C),+approximant

+continuant,xlingual (C),+approximant

+continuant,xlingual (C),+voice

+continuant,+sonorant,xlingual (C)

-lateral,-vocoid,+approximant

+continuant,-vocoid,+approximant

-lateral,+anterior (C),+approximant

-lateral,+approximant,+anterior (any)

-lateral,-distributed (C),+approximant

-lateral,nV-place,+approximant

opharyngeal (C),-lateral,+approximant

-lateral,olabial (C),+approximant

xcoronal (C),-lateral,+approximant

-lateral,odorsal (C),+approximant

nATR,-lateral,+approximant

+anterior (C),+continuant,+approximant

+anterior (C),+continuant,+voice

+anterior (C),+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,+approximant,+anterior (any)

-distributed (C),+continuant,+approximant

nV-place,+continuant,+approximant

opharyngeal (C),+continuant,+approximant

olabial (C),+continuant,+approximant

xcoronal (C),+continuant,+approximant

+continuant,odorsal (C),+approximant

nATR,+continuant,+approximant

+continuant,+anterior (any),+voice

+continuant,+sonorant,+anterior (any)

-distributed (C),+continuant,+voice

-distributed (C),+continuant,+sonorant

opharyngeal (C),+continuant,+voice

xcoronal (C),+continuant,+voice

xcoronal (C),+continuant,+sonorant

+coronal (C),+continuant,+voice

+continuant,+lingual (C),+voice

+anterior (C),+continuant,+voice

+continuant,+anterior (any),+voice

+coronal (C),+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,+sonorant,+lingual (C)

+anterior (C),+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,+sonorant,+anterior (any)

odorsal (V),-lateral,+approximant

odorsal (V),+continuant,+approximant

-lateral,+anterior (C),+approximant

-lateral,-distributed (C),+approximant

-lateral,+approximant,+anterior (any)

olabial (V),-lateral,+approximant

ocoronal (V),-lateral,+approximant

-lateral,oV-place,+approximant

+coronal (C),-lateral,+approximant

opharyngeal (V),-lateral,+approximant

nATR,-lateral,+approximant

-lateral,-vocoid,+approximant

-lateral,ovocalic,+approximant

-lateral,+lingual (C),+approximant

-distributed (any),-lateral,+approximant

olingual (V),-lateral,+approximant

+anterior (C),+continuant,+approximant

+anterior (C),+continuant,+voice

+anterior (C),+continuant,+sonorant

-distributed (C),+continuant,+approximant

+continuant,+approximant,+anterior (any)

olabial (V),+continuant,+approximant

ocoronal (V),+continuant,+approximant

oV-place,+continuant,+approximant

+coronal (C),+continuant,+approximant

opharyngeal (V),+continuant,+approximant

nATR,+continuant,+approximant

+continuant,-vocoid,+approximant

+continuant,ovocalic,+approximant

+continuant,+lingual (C),+approximant

-distributed (any),+continuant,+approximant

olingual (V),+continuant,+approximant

-distributed (C),+continuant,+voice

-distributed (C),+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,+anterior (any),+voice

+continuant,+sonorant,+anterior (any)

oV-place,+continuant,+sonorant

+coronal (C),+continuant,+voice

+continuant,+lingual (C),+voice

-distributed (any),+continuant,+voice

+coronal (C),+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,+sonorant,ovocalic

+continuant,+sonorant,+lingual (C)

-distributed (any),+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,-vocalic,+voice

+continuant,ovocalic,+voice

+continuant,-vocoid,+voice

nV-place,+continuant,+voice

olabial (C),+continuant,+voice

+continuant,odorsal (C),+voice

nATR,+continuant,+voice

+continuant,-vocoid,+voice

odorsal (V),+continuant,+voice

olabial (V),+continuant,+voice

ocoronal (V),+continuant,+voice

oV-place,+continuant,+voice

opharyngeal (V),+continuant,+voice

+continuant,-vocoid,+voice

nATR,+continuant,+voice

+continuant,ovocalic,+voice

olingual (V),+continuant,+voice

+continuant,+sonorant,-vocoid

nV-place,+continuant,+sonorant

opharyngeal (C),+continuant,+sonorant

olabial (C),+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,odorsal (C),+sonorant

nATR,+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,+sonorant,-vocalic

+continuant,+sonorant,-vocoid

+continuant,+sonorant,-approximant

odorsal (V),+continuant,+sonorant

olabial (V),+continuant,+sonorant

ocoronal (V),+continuant,+sonorant

opharyngeal (V),+continuant,+sonorant

nATR,+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,+sonorant,-vocoid

olingual (V),+continuant,+sonorant

+continuant,-approximant,+voice

-distributed (any),-lateral,+voice

-lateral,-distributed (C),+voice

-distributed (any),-lateral,+voice

-distributed (any),-lateral,+continuant

-lateral,-distributed (C),+continuant

-distributed (any),-lateral,+continuant

-lateral,-distributed (C),+sonorant

-distributed (any),-lateral,+sonorant

-nasal,-approximant,+voice

ɾ

nlingual (V)

ndorsal (V)

nanterior (V)

ndistributed (V)

-coronal (V)

-front

-distributed (any)

-lingual (V)

-V-place

-distributed (V)

nanterior (V)

ndistributed (V)

nlabial (V)

ncoronal (V)

npharyngeal (V)

-nonlow_front_V

-heightened_subglottal_pressure

-continuant

+approximant

.delayed_primary_release

+flap

-trill

-continuant

-tense_V

-ATR

-stop

-voiceless_stop

-distributed (any)

+anterior (C)

-obs_stop

-distributed (C)

olabial (C)

+continuant

xlingual (C)

xlingual (any)

+anterior (any)

xcoronal (any)

+coronal (C)

-labial (any)

+anterior (any)

-labial (C)

+continuant

-lateral

-distributed

+lingual (C)

+coronal (C)

+lingual (any)

+coronal

+coronal (any)

+alveolar

-labial

-labial (any)

-lateral

-distributed

-distributed (any)

+anterior (C)

+coronal

-distributed (C)

-labial (C)

+continuant

-grave (vs. acute)

+lingual (C)

+lingual (any)

+anterior (any)

+coronal (any)

xcoronal (C)

olabial (any)

-bilabial

+voiced_C

-unrounded

+voice

-voiceless

+voiced (vs. unvoiced)

+voiced

+voice

-spread

+voice

-pharyngeal (C)

-uvular

-pharyngeal (any)

-pharyngeal (C)

opharyngeal (any)

-strident (vs. mellow)

opharyngeal (C)

-pharyngeal (any)

-voiced_obs

-spread

+plain

.tense

-aspirated

-spread

.tense (vs. lax)

-spread

-higher-mid

-nonhigh_tense_V

-nonhigh_V

+diffuse

-glottal

ovocalic

+C-place

-glottal

-low

-compact

+consonantal

+anterior

xC-place

+anterior

oV-place

-low

+consonantal

-dorsal (C)

ovocalic

+consonantal (vs. non-consonantal)

xC-place

+sonorant

odorsal (any)

-dorsal (any)

-dorsal (V)

-dorsal (any)

-ATR_high_V

-high

-high_V

-LONG

-lax_V

-back_V

-central

-back

-low

-long

-k

nATR

nV-place

odorsal (C)

-vocoid

.open6

.open5

.open4

.open1

.open3

.open2

-vocalic

-vocoid

.open6

.open5

.open4

.open1

.open3

.open2

opharyngeal (V)

nATR

olingual (V)

-vocoid

.open6

.open5

.open4

.open1

.open3

.open2

+liquid

-nasal_stop

-nasal

+approximant

-nasal

+vocalic

-nasal

+vocalic

-nasal

-nasal (vs. oral)

+approximant

+vocalic (vs. non-vocalic)

-labiovelar

-labial (V)

-velar

-dorsal (C)

-fricative

+interrupted (vs. continuant)

-rounded

-round_V

-back

-round

-flat (vs. plain)

-short_V

-labiodental

-strident

-lower-mid

-labialized

-V

-approximant

olabial (V)

ocoronal (V)

odorsal (V)

-vocalic_glide

+consonant

-vowel

ncovered

-syllabic

nATR

-syllabic

-SYLLABIC

-pharyngeal (V)

-dental

-sharp (vs. plain)

-distributed (C)

-lateral

-lateral-approximant

-lateral

-glottal_(tertiary)_closure

nmovement_of_glottal_closure

-constr

-constricted

-higher-low

-pharyngealized

-postalveolar

-interdental

-pharyngeal

-laminal-alveolar

-affricate

-palatal

-implosive

-mid

-alveolopalatal

-nasalized

-syllabic

-placeless

-lower-high

-checked (vs. unchecked)

-interrupted

-anterior (V)

-retroflex

-palatalized

-low-to-glide

-unrounded-to-palatal

-advanced-alveolar

-glottalized

-ejective

-raised-high

-lax

-trilled

-prenasalized

-laminal-alveolar-to-alveolopalatal

-ATR

-unrounded-to-front

-rounded-to-central

-rounded-to-back

-unrounded-to-central

-higher-mid-to-mid

-mid-to-high

-low-to-high

-lower-mid-to-high

-rounded-to-unrounded

-raised-low

-alveolar-to-alveolopalatal

-raised-higher-mid

-labiopalatal

-labiopalatalized

-high-to-glide

-rounded-to-labiovelar

-postnasalized

-unrounded-to-back

-glide-to-higher-mid

-glide-to-high

-lower-high-to-lower-mid

-breathy

-high-to-higher-mid

-velarized

-higher-mid-to-glide

-rounded-to-palatal

-lenis

-alveolar-to-palatal

-preglottalized

-velar-prenasalized

-labial-prenasalized

-apical

-dental-to-palatal

-higher-mid-to-high

-rounded-to-front

-palatal-to-alveolopalatal

-dental-to-velar

-velar-to-labiodental

-voiced-to-voiceless

-strident

-click

-implosive-affricate

ndelayed_release_of_secondary_closure

-low-to-lower-high

-higher-mid-to-lower-high

-palatal-to-front

-stop-to-implosive

-lower-high-to-high

-glide

-laminal-postalveolar

-lowered-higher-mid

-tense

-muffled

-lowered-high

-alveolar-to-dental

-bilabial-to-alveolar

-bilabial-to-velar

-lateral-approximant-to-fricative

-dental-to-postalveolar

-advanced-lateral

-palatal-to-dental

-lowered-low

-laminal-alveolar-to-laminal-postalveolar

-voiceless-to-voiced

-dental-to-labiodental

-lowered-lower-mid

-lowered-higher-low

-raised-mid

-palatal-to-postalveolar

-voiceless-prenasalized

-raised-lower-mid

-high-to-mid

-high-to-lower-mid

-stop-to-affricate

-bilabial-to-postalveolar

-bilabial-to-lateral

-palatoalveolar

-affricative

-extra-long

-EXTRA

-retracted

-devoiced

-rhotic

-nasal-spirant

-alveolar-prenasalized

-extra-short

-advanced-central

-glide-to-low

-fricative-to-affricate

-affricate-to-fricative

-trill-to-affricate

-fricative-to-stop

-palatal-to-velar

-postalveolar-to-velar

-alveolar-to-velar

-affricate-to-stop

-alveolar-to-interdental

-high-to-low

-labiodental-to-postalveolar

-alveolar-to-bilabial

-accompaniment

-z-accompaniment

-Z-accompaniment

-r-accompaniment

-d-accompaniment

-l-accompaniment

-advanced-front

-creaky

-mid-to-higher-mid

-pulmonic-ingressive

-heavy

-lower-mid-to-glide

-mid-approximant

-S-accompaniment

-t-accompaniment

-s-accompaniment

-alveolar-to-retroflex

-heightened_subglottal_pressure

-continuant

+approximant

.delayed_primary_release

+flap

-trill

-continuant

0

r

1

#

Gorbet, Larry Paul (1976) A Grammar of Diegueño Nominals. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc.

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